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Abstract
This study examined widely advertised interactions between sympathomimetic amine vasoconstrictors
currently used in dental local anesthetic solutions and MAO inhibitors (phenelzine,
5 mg/kg), phenothiazines (chlorpromazine, 2 mg/kg), and tricyclic antidepressants
(desipramine, 2 mg/kg). Twelve greyhound dogs premedicated with morphine and anesthetized
with urethane and α-chloralose were prepared for physiologic recordings. During a
control period, the dogs received bolus injections of epinephrine, norepinephrine,
and levonordefrin sufficient to construct log-linear dose-response curves for each
agent. Commercial anesthetic solutions, with and without the vasoconstrictors, were
also used. The dose-response curves were then reproduced 1 hour after the administration
of a drug interactant. Cardiovascular responses were not influenced by the coadministration
of local anesthetics or by the prior administration of phenelzine. Chlorpromazine
ameliorated pressor responses to norepinephrine and levonordephrin and reversed the
hypertensive effect of high-dose epinephrine. Desipramine significantly increased
vasoconstrictor potencies, particulary those of levonordefrin and norepinephrine,
which were multiplied more than sixfold.
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© 1985 Published by Elsevier Inc.
