Objective
This study aimed to compare the immunoexpression profile of tumor stem cell (TSC)
biomarkers CD44, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), OCT4, and SOX2 in salivary gland
tumors (SGTs).
Study Design
Sixty tissue specimens of SGTs, including 20 pleomorphic adenomas, 20 adenoid cystic
carcinomas (ACCs), and 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, in addition to 4 samples of normal
glandular tissue, were subjected to immunohistochemistry. The expression of the biomarkers
in the parenchyma and stroma was evaluated. Data were analyzed statistically by nonparametric
tests (P < .05).
Results
Higher parenchymal expression of ALDH1, OCT4, and SOX2 was observed in pleomorphic
adenomas, ACCs, and mucoepidermoid carcinomas, respectively. Most ACCs did not express
ALDH1. Higher immunoexpression of ALDH1 in major SGTs (P = .021) and of OCT4 in minor SGTs (P = .011) was found. Immunoexpression of SOX2 was related to lesions without myoepithelial
differentiation (P < .001) and malignant behavior (P = .002). Furthermore, OCT4 was related to myoepithelial differentiation (P = .009). CD44 expression was related to a better prognosis. Stromal immunoexpressions
of CD44, ALDH1, and OCT4 were higher in malignant SGTs.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest the participation of TSCs in the pathogenesis of SGTs. We emphasize
the need for further investigations into the presence and role of TSCs in the stroma
of these lesions.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 29, 2022
Accepted:
September 22,
2022
Received in revised form:
September 9,
2022
Received:
March 5,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
